Door hinge and check.



PATENTBDA-UG. 14, 1906. c. E. TRBADWELL.

DOOR HINGE `AND CHECK. APPLICATION FILED DBO.24,1904:

`a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

rrd/mers ca., wAsHmnrom- D. t;

Nofazal.- PATBNTBD AUG.14,1906.

' anm'AnwLL. y

DOOR HINGE AND CHECK. APPLIOATION FILED Dnc. 24, 1904.

a SHEETS-SHEET Mild ' By m b Arrow/frs {HE Noums PETERS co., wAsmNcrcN, n l:

Y PATBNTBD AUG. l14, 190e. c. E. TRBADWBLL.

DOOR HINGE AND CHECK.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 24. 1904.

@MEETS-'SHEET a.'

ATTORNEYS "Nm/Entro@ NTED STATES 'PATENT- orrron.

CHARLES E. TREADWELL, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

DOOR HINGE AND CHECK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 14, 1906.

Application filed December 24, 1904. Serial No. 238.160.

and State of Colorado, have invented a new and Improved Door Hinge and Check, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements in 1o combined door-hinges of the self-closing type and checks that prevent shock of impact had by the door on the j amb of the Casement.

The objects of my invention are to provide novel details of construction and arrange- 4 I 5 ment of parts that render the device very effective and reliable in use, adapting the hinge and check for service on doors that swing right or left handed, and capable by duplication to support and close double-acting doors zo and serve as a checktherefor.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as is hereinafter described and claimed. y

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional side view of one example of my invention as applied upon a 3o easement-j amb for swinging a door toward the 3 5 and check thereon seen in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 1, but showing a somewhat-different construction of the improvement. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the upper portion of the lhinge substantially on the line 4 4 in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse horizontal sectional view substantially on theline 5 5 in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a transverse horizontal sectional view substantially on the line 6 6 in Figs. 1 and 8, showing the check-valve open. Fig. 7 is a like view taken substantially on the line 7 7, in Fig. 9, showing the check-valve closed. Fig. 8 is an enlarged axial sectional view of the lower portion of 5 0 the hinge, showing the check-valve and novel actuating devices adjusted for opening the valve-gate, the plunger-valve being lowered. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but showing the check-valve gate opened and the plungervalve raised; and Fig. 10 is a broken side view of the check-valve-actuating device seen in the direction of the arrow in Figs. 1 and 8.

In the construction represented in Figs. 1,- 2, 8, 4 to l0, inclusive, 11 12 represent two hinge-leaves that are respectively secured on the easement A of the doorway and a door B therefor. Upon one side edge of the hingeleaf 1 1 is formed a cylindrical barrel 11a, wherein is formed integrally or secured a tubular shell 11b, forming the chamber for holding a liquid or other iiuid used as a checking medium and which is hereinafter fully described in its operation. In an internal thread formed at the upper end of the chamber 11b is screwed the lower threaded end of a cylindrical extension 11C for the barrel 11a. In this example of my invention as applied the extension 11c is axially bored and threaded in said bore preferably with two quick-pitch threads that are right-handed in their turns, as s hown at a in Fig. 1, and, as therein shown,

the extension, that in this case is a nut, is

somewhat reduced in its external diameter as compared with the barrel portion 11a.

Upon one edge of the hinge-leaf 12 a cylindrical barrel 12a is formed, that may be mainly equal in diameter to that of the barrel 11a, but at and near its lower end 12b is so increased diametrically as to fit loosely upon the upper portion of said barrel 11a. To adapt these parts of the hinge for a rotatable as well as a sliding engagement with each other, the leaf 11 is connected with the barrel 11a by a web 11d, that extends from the lower end of said leaf a proper distance, clearingthe lower end of the barrel 12a when the latter is in its lowest position or when the hinge-leaves are folded together for a complete closure of the door, and as the barrel 12a`is extended from the upper end of the hinge-leaf 1 2 but half its length it will be seen in Fig. 1 that the two half-sections of the hinge may be operatively connected with each other.

Two male screw-threads 13a and 13c are formed on a shaft or pintle rod 13 of a pitch and diameter that adapts said threads fora screw engagement within the barrel-nut 11, and, as is shown in Fig. 1, the length of the threads on the rod is such that the latter may be reciprocated a proper distance in the nutz barrelE 12a.

1o pintle-rod, said thimble being held to turn by a thimble 11g, that is screwed into a central counterbore formed in the lower end portion of the barrel-nut 11C. rllhe lower end of the chamber 1 1b is normally closed with a removi 5 able screw-plug 11h, that fits with a liquidtight joint therein. r

The pintle-rod 13, which extends upward a short distance above the filling-block 11e,

may be flattened upon opposite sides, and a 2o transverse cross-head 14, that is mounted upon this flattened portion of the pintle-rod, is thereto pivoted, as at b, having like trunnion ends c, that are loosely engaged within opposite perforations in the wall of the hinge- It will be seen from the Jforegoing description of details that if the cross-head 11i-is properly positioned with relation to the hinge-leaf 12 to which it is connected said 3o transverse connection will cause the pintlerod 13 and thread 132L thereon to turn with the hinge-barrel 12a when the door is swung to open it, or in the direction of the curved arrow in Fig. 2, thus screwing said -rodup- 3 5 W'ardlyV7 in the stationary nut 11c and correspondingly raising the door B. It will be evident that the rocking connection of the cross-head'll with the upper portion of the pintle-rod 13 and the similar engagement of 4o the trunnion ends c with the wall of the barrel 12a will adapt the threaded pintle-rod to work freely and avoid undue friction in its traverse of the barrel-nut 11c and turning movement therein.

The upper end of the hinge-barrel 12a is shown unclosed, but in the manufacture of the hinge it is closed around the pintle-rod that works in and through said closure.

The novel means for checking the abrupt 5o closure of the door B, that is hung for swinging movement upon a casement A by means of the improved hinge, is directly connected with the hinge proper and is constructed essentially as follows: Upon the lower end of the thimble 13b, which extends into the upper end of the chamber 11b, a yoke 15 is secured, having like depending limbs d. As represented in Figs. 1, 8, 9, and 10, an essentially Z-shaped bar 16 is pivoted at its upper 6o end upon the lower end of each yoke member d,the offsets e e on each of said bars adapting the main portions thereof to lap across opposite sides of the pintle-rod 13, this being clearly shown in Fig. 10. Upon the remaining ends of the angularly-bent bars 16 are pivoted the upper ends of two link-bars'l?. A foot-block 18 is secured transversely on the lower extremity of the pintle-rod 13, and upon opposite sides of the laterally-extended end portions of said foot-block are pivoted the lower ends of two reinforcing-links 19, the upper ends of said links being lapped upon and pivoted to the bars 16 near their pivot connections with the members d of the yoke 15. The lower portions of the linkbars 17 are each bent at g and g', these rightangular bends providing similar short deending members g2 on the lower ends of the ink-bars that are disposed parallel with each other. The link members gzare connected together by a transverse rock-bar 20, that is lapped at its ends upon the ends of said members and thereon pivoted, as shown at h. A valved iston is employed comprising a cylindrical s ell 21 and having an integral bottom wall 21, which is fitted to slide neatly in the chamber 11b, and to insure at all times an air or liquid tight joint between the cup and chamber-wall a packing-joint t may be secured upon the bottom wall, said joint in ring form being clamped thereon by a capplate and screws i2, that are screwed into said wall 21a, the peripheral edge of the packing-ring being pressed against the true inner surface of the chamber-'Wall 11b when the piston is reciprocated therein. A fiat gatevalve 22 is secured upon the lower end of a short stem 22, preferably engaging the threaded and reduced lower end portion of said stem, which projects loosely 'down through a central perforation in the bottom wall 21a of the piston 21, which is rendered true to form a seat for said gate-valve, and as shown, a nut k is screwed upon the threaded lower portion 22b of the stem. The rock-bar 20 is held in a cross-slot t, formed in the stem 22a, and is centrally pivoted thereon, as shown at h2. An arcuate slot or port m is formed in the bottom wall 211 of a suitable,

length, and the gate-valve 22 is of such dimensions and form that it may be caused to uncover the port m or close it by a rotatable movement of said valve. As before mentioned, the thimble 13b is loosely secured upon the pintle-rod 13, and, as shown, this connection is in the form of a cross pin or screw n, that passes transversely through the thimble and through a longitudinal slot n in the pintle-rod, this connection permitting the pintle-rod to slide in the thimble and the latter be held to turn therewith. Obviously the slot in the rod may be in the form of a groove' and a set-screw be employed to slidably engage the thimble with the groove, the same result being attained. A guide 2lb is formed on or in the outer side of the piston 21, having a vertical groove for the reception of a stud or pin o, that projects inward from IOC IOS

IIO

IIS

the chamber-wall 1 1b, and it will be seen that vcontracted and assume the adjustment shown in Fig. 9. rIn effecting a cushioning of the descent of a door, such as B, as it closes, it is preferred to employ oil or other suitable liquid as a restraining` medium, a proper amount being placed in the chamber 11b, and, as shown, the turning movement of the valve-stem 22a, due to its connection with the pintle-rod 13, will when the door is opened cause it to upwardly traverse the nut-block 11C, thus raising the door B, as before explained. This elevation of the pintle-rod will cause the lazytongs device to close the members thereof and lift the gate-valve 22 from its seat, fully opening the arcuate slot or port fm, at the same time turning the gate-valve away from said port. The compression of air above oil that may be in said chamber above the gatevalve will enforce the downward passage of the liquid through the port m, so that it will be deposited in the chamber 11b below the gate-valve. Upon initiating the closure of the door B the lazy-tongs device will expand lengthwise as the pintle-rod turns and slowly descends in the nut-block 11C and immediately seat the gate-valve on the plate in which the port m is formed, this port being open. The closing movement of the door 13 as it progresses turns the gate-valve gradually toward and over the port m, thus re` stricting the passage of oil up through it and cushioning the descent of the door as it closes. The valve 22 maybe so adjusted as to close the port m at the instant the door impinges upon the door-easement, or, if desired., the port may be closed by the valve just before the door strikes the j amb of the easement, and hold a small quantity of oil in the chamber below the gate-valve, which will cushion the impact of the closing door, this being advantageous in case the door is heavy 'or if it is pulled upon to close it.

It has een found in practice that it is essential for the proper operation of the gatevalve 22 that its opening movement be effected when the door has been opened but a short distance, so that the port m is uncovered and permits the liquid C that has been above the valve 22 to pass freely down through the port m, which will permit the door to be opened without resistance that might result from the restricted passage of the liquid C through the port m. To this end the lazy-tongs device already described has beenl devised, which gives sliding movement to the piston 21 and also turns the gatevalve 22 in harmony with the pitch of the screw-thread 13a. N ow as the gate-valve 22 is completely closed over the port m when the door B is swung shut it is necessary to give a puppet action to the gate-valve to be effected instantly when the door is started to open. To eect this, the nut 7C on the threaded depending portion 22b of the stem 22ais screwed tightly thereon, leaving a suitable space between it and the lower surface of the bottom wall 21a, it being understood that the valve 22 is affixed upon the stem 22a, as shown, so as to seat on the true upper surface of this Wall when the door is closed.

The initial movement for opening the door B gives the pintle-rod 13, lazy-tongs, and stem 22a, along with the valve 22, a slight elevation, that is defined in degree by contact of the nut f upon the lower surface ofthe bottom wall 21a. This will open a crevice between 'said bottom wall and the gate-valve 22, thus completely uncovering the port m and permitting the liquid C to pass down through said port, and obviously as the door is swung open the gate-valve will be correspondingly turned from the port m, furthering the freedom of transfer of the liquid down through it.

In Fig. 3 a modification of the door-hinge is shown that is particularly well adapted for the swinging support of heavy doors and mainly consists in the substitution of balls working in special raceways, the balls reducing friction between male and female members of the hinge. In 4this application of the invention a pintle-rod 35 is employed having a cylindrical hub-like enlargement 35a, formed or secured thereon and held to slide in a thimble 13D and turn said thilnble by means of aslot or groove n', and a pin or screw n, secured in the thimble, that worksin the slot.- As shown in Fig. 3, aswell as inpreviously-described figures, theslotted lower portion of the pintle-rod 35 extends below the thimble 13b, and the latter below the bushing 11g sufficiently to receive a ring-like formation t on the yoke 15, that is mounted upon the lower end of said thimble and secured thereon by a pin t, this construction being similar to that shown in Figs'l, 8, and 9.

In the exterior surface of the cylindrical hublike enlargement 35a two half-circular spiral channels u are formed, that are of quick pitch, thus affording coarse female threads therein, which extend a suitable length between the ends of the hub, and, as shown, these screwlike spiral channels, that consist of continuous and preferably concave-bottomed grooves, the turns of which are disposed at an equal distance apart, are right-hand in pitch or similar in trend to the spiral grooves a in the bariol;

IIO

IIS

IZO

' afford an antifriction moving connection between the hubs 35a and the barrel: 25C. To enable the free introduction of the balls v into the matedj grooves u a', a plurality of passages w are formed in the Wall of the barrel 25, and branch passages w extend from the vertical passagesinto the spiral tubular grooves u u. As shown, thereare two vertical passages w, which extend from the upper end of the barrel 25C down far enough to intersect the lower turns of the spiral channel that receives the balls o, and theupper ends` of said upright passages may be closed with caps, as shown in Fig. 31. The upper end of the pin-tle-rodl 35 is loosely connected with the hinge-barrel 26 by a cross-head 14a, that is slotted at its center and receives the pintle-rod 35, whereon it is pivoted, as-shown at b inFig. 3, said cross-head. having trunnions on. its ends for a rocking engagement within opposite openings in the wall of the hingebarrel similar to the connectionrepresen-ted in Fig. 4. It will be understood that as the construction of parts, eXcepttha-t of the antifriction-ball connection for the upper and lowerbarrels of the hinge, is similar to that already described in relation to the first eX- ample of the improvement, as shown in Figs. 1, 8, and' 9, the operation of the hinge in both illustrations is the same but the provision of the antifriction balls andchannels greatly reduces the friction of the door-closer sections of the hinge one upon the other, and therefore adapts the hinge thus constructed for advantageous service.

As shown and described, two quick-pitch threads are specified and represented as a door-closer for the improved hinge, and two spiral tubular passages are illustrated for the employment of bearing-balls in place of screw-threads. It is to be understood, however, that it is not intended to restrict the construction to the exact form and arrangement of parts as sho-wn, as a single thread may be employed in place of two threads, and a single spiral channel and balls therein may be substituted for the construction represented in Fig. 3, it being thought unnecessary to multiply views in the drawings for illustration of such modifications that are embraced within the scope of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, I

sessel claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. A hinge, embodying a stationary leaf having a barrel, and a spiral channel therein, another leaf having a barrel diametrically enlarged in its lower portion which is loosely mounted u-pon the exterior upper surfacey of the other barrel, a pintle-rod hung loosely from the upper portion of the mounted barrel and pendent therein, and means intervening between the spiral channel and the pendent pintle-rod, adapted for communieating a combined rising and turning movement to the mounted barrel when the leaf thereon is swung from the stationary leaf.

2. Ahinge comprising two leaves, each having a barrel, one barrel having a spiral groove extending longitudinally therein, they other barrel being loosely mounted upon and incasing the first-named barrel, a pintle-rod pendent from the upper end of the mounted barrel and depending in bo-th barrels, and a male spiral connection between the pintle-rod and spiral groove.

3. A door hinge and check, comprising two leaves, each having a barrel', a spiral connection between the barrels adapting one barrel to rise when turned on the other bar'- rel, a hollow piston reciprocal in one barrel below said spiral connection, and having a slot or portin its bottom wall, agate-valve seated over the port Awhen "the door is closed, and means actuated by opening the door and thus turning one barrel onthe other one, adapted to lift the gate-valve from its seat and simultaneously turn it away from the port, the closurew of the door seating the gatevalve, and gradually closing the port.

4. A hinge and check, embodying a pair of hinge-leaves, a spiral connection between said leaves adapting one leaf to turn and rise on the other leaf, a chamber below the spiral connection and carried by one leaf, a piston slidableI in. said chamber and having a port in its bottom wall, a gate-valve movably seated on said wall and mounted to turn thereon, and: a lazy-tongs device actuated by the turning movement of one leaf on the other one, and adapted for lifting and turning the gate-valve.

5. ln a door hinge and check, the combination with two rotatably-connected hingeleaves, each having a barrel on one side edge.

thereof, a pintle-rod, and means for giving a turning and rising movement to said pintlerodwhen the barrels are turned one upon the other by divergence of the leaves, of a chamber in the lower portion of one barrel, a piston having a bottom wall with an arcuate slotted port therein, said piston being slidable in the chamber, a gate-valve seated upon the bottom wall, and a lazy-tongs device connecting the lower portion of the pintle-rod with the piston, said device giving IOO IIO

lifting movement to the piston and simultaneously turning the gate-valve when the pintle-rod is elevated and turned.

6. In a hinge, the combination with a hinge-leaf having a barrel on `one side edge and an internal spirally-grooved nut-block mounted. upon and extended upward from said barrel, of a mating hinge-leaf, a barrel thereon having the lower end thereof swivelly connected with the upper end of the other barrel, a pintle-rod hung from the upper barrel and extended centrally down into the nut-block, and a spiral formation on the pintle-rod having a loose engagement within the grooved nut-block, the loose engagement of the upper end of the pintle-rod with thel barrel that supports it preventing improper fricti'on between the spiral formation and walls of the spiral channel.

7. In a hinge and check, the combination with a hinge-leaf having a barrel on one side edge thereof, a chamber in said barrel, and an internally spirally grooved nut-block extended upward from the barrel, of a mating hinge-leaf, a barrel thereon which is swivelly connected with the upper end of the lower barrel and loosely incases the nut-- block, a pintle-rod engaged loosely at its upper end within the upper end of the upper barrel, and extended down through the spirally-grooved bore of the nut-block into the chamber, a piston working in said chamber, means for connecting said piston with the pintle-rod at its lower end, and means carried by the pintle-rod for engaging said rod with the spiral groovein the nut-block, said means causing the rod to traverse and turn in the chamber for actuating the piston.

8. A hinge and check embodying two leaves, a spiral connection between the leaves adapting one leaf to turn on the other leaf, a chamber below said spiral connection, a piston vslidable in said chamber and having a port in its bottom wall, a gate-valve held to turn laterally over and from the port, and means actuated by turning one leaf on the other one adapted for lifting the gate-valve from its seat and simultaneously turning it from the ort. p 9. In a hinge, the combination with a stationary hinge-leaf having a barrel on one side edge of the eaf forming a chamber, a closure at the lower end of said chamber, and an internally spirally grooved nut-block mounted on the upper end of the fixed chamberend barrel, of a cylindrical barrel on a like edge of a mating hinge-leaf, said barrel `having a diametrically enlarged lower end that is mounted to turn upon the upper end of the lower barrel, a intle-rod loosely connected with the upper arrel by a transverse cross-head, said rod passing down through the nut-block and having means engaging grooves in the nut-block which means causes the pintle-rod to longitudinally and spirally traverse the nut-block whenthe upper barrel is turned on the lower one.

10. In a door hinge and check, the combination with a leaf having a barrel, and a spiral channel longitudinally therein, another leaf having a barrel mounted upon the firstmentioned barrel, a pintle-rod hung from the upper portion of the mounted barrel and pendent in both barrels, and means intervening between thespiral channel and said rod adapted for traversing said channel and giving the upper barrel an upward trend when turned by divergence of the hinge-leaves, of

a piston having a slotted bottom wally, a gatei valve, and a lazy-tongs device connecting the piston and said gate-valve with the lower portion of the pintle-rod, comprising a yoke, two links pivoted at their upper ends on depending members of the yoke, a foot-block on the lower end of the pintle-rod, two short links loosely connecting the foot-block with the upper portions of the other links, and two long depending links, said links being pivoted at their upper ends on the lower ends of the last-mentioned links, and at their lower ends loosely connected with a stem which engages the piston and gate-valve.

11. In a door hinge and check of the character described, the combination with two hinge-leaves supported to turn one in the other, and a chamber on the lower portion of one leaf, of a piston having an arcuate port in its bottom wall, a flat gate-valve engaging said bottom wall, and means for turning an simultaneously lifting the gate.

12. In a door hinge and check of the character described, the combination with two hinge-leaves and spiral connections therefor, of a chamber formed in a barrel on one of said leaves, a piston slidable in said chamber and having a port in its bottom wall, a gatevalve seated in said piston and adapted to be turned upon and lifted from said bottom wall, and means for turning and lifting said gate-valve.

13. In a door hinge and check of the character described, the combination with two hinge-leaves each having a barrel, one barrel having a chamber in its lower portion, and the other barrel turning on the first-mentioned barrel, of a piston fitted liquid-tight in said chamber, a pin-and-grooved connection between the side wall of the chamber and correspondin wall of the piston, said piston having a bottom wall and a port therein, a gate-valve, and means for turning and lifting said gate-valve.

14. In a door hinge and check of the character described, the combination with two hinge-leaves, each having a barrel on one edge, one barrel being mounted upon the other one, and a cylindrical nut-block on the lower barrel having a central bore, and a spi- IOO IIO

ral channel in the VWeill of said bore, of a pintle-rodhaving a male threadformed thereon that engages the spiral channel, a cross-head loosely mounted on the upper end of the pintle-rod and having trunnions on its ends which loosely engage opposite perforations in the side Wall of the mounted barrel, thus adapting the rotatable movement of said barrel to correspondingly turn the pintle-rod and cause it to traverse the nut-block np- 1o Wardly.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speeilieation in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES E. TREADWELL.

Witnesses:

T. H. THOMAS, A. V. TAYLOR. 

